Keloid scars differ from typical scars since they can grow beyond the boundaries of the original wound, usually enlarged and raised on the skin. Keloid scars have a distinct appearance that sets them apart from other types of scars. Characteristics of keloid scars are raised and thick, smooth and shiny, firm and rubber-like, irregular in shape, varied in color, large and expansive, and they can be itchy or painful. Below THE CENTER for Advanced Dermatology will discuss ways to minimize keloid scars. 

Keloid scars can form as a result of various types of skin injuries. These can include surgical incisions, cuts and lacerations whether from an accident, knife or other sharp objects, severe burns, body piercings, severe or cystic acne, vaccination sites, skin infections like chickenpox, minor skin trauma like insect bites or abrasions, tattooing, and blisters. 

While keloid scars cannot be completely removed, there are topical treatments available to reduce irritation and improve their appearance. For newly formed keloid scars, proper wound care is imperative to keep scarring minimal. Immediately wash the injured skin with soap and water or a saline solution. Follow up with a gentle, non-comedogenic moisturizer to keep the skin hydrated and to promote healing. Avoid picking at scabs or scratching the wound as doing so could increase scar tissue and further keloid formation. Silicone dressings or gels can be worn over the scar to help flatten and soften scars. Silicone works by hydrating the scar and regulating collagen production as well as reducing itching and discomfort associated with scars. Compression dressings or garments are often recommended after piercings and surgeries to minimize the likelihood of keloid scars. Consistent pressure may be necessary for several weeks or even months. Tretinoin, a prescription-only topical retinoid, can be effective for treating keloid scars; however, effectiveness varies depending on the severity of the scar and the skin’s response to the medication. 

Corticosteroids are considered the first line of treatment for keloid scars and may be prescribed to break the bonds between the collagen fibers in the skin which can reduce the amount of scar tissue under the skin. Injections may also soften scar tissue as well as provide anti-inflammatory properties that aid swelling, redness, itching and pain. For small keloids, cryotherapy (freezing the tissue with liquid nitrogen) can help minimize the size of the scar by destroying the tissue. This option is typically combined with corticosteroid injections for optimal achievement. Laser resurfacing therapy stimulates collagen remodeling in the skin by producing softening of the skin and decreasing the vascularity of keloids (structure of the keloids that appear linear and parallel to the surface of the skin). Surgical excision can remove larger keloids but can also increase the likelihood of keloid return, sometimes larger than the original scar. Low dose radiation therapy may be used after a keloid surgical removal to reduce the risk of it coming back and may reduce recurrence when used with other therapies. 

A proper skin assessment is necessary to determine the best ways to minimize keloid scars. To schedule your appointment with THE CENTER for Advanced Dermatology, call 602-867-7546 or visit WEBSITE.